HC-2950.png' alt='Concrete Crack Measurement Tools' title='Concrete Crack Measurement Tools' />How to Finish Concrete. Theres more to concrete than just pouring it out and watching it harden. Heres what you need to know to shape and smooth fresh. Reliable Water Tank Liners Stops Leaks Economically Prolongs the Life of a Water Tank Leaking water tank and sick of patching or maybe you want to protect a. Web portal for buildingrelated information with a whole building focus provided by the National Institute of Building Sciences. Areas include Design Guidance. More accurate testing technology such as the 1,000 Protimeter Moisture Measurement System ASTM Standard F217002 uses a probe to measure the presence of moisture. How to pour a concrete foundation. Follow us as we build a garageapartment at LNPLET THE CONCRETE FLOWOur newest catch phrase is newfound respect for guys that work with concrete. We lined up our ducks, took all the necessary steps and made all the necessary preparations. We brought the will and knowledge. The only facet we might have miscalculated was the required physical strength and endurance. We have met the enemy. As we walk thru this week from hell, please remember that my original plan was for Donna and I to do ALL this ourselves. The only other help I planned on was our excavator, necessary to cut the hole and do all the other backhoe type projects as we progressed. As it played out, we are certain that some level of divine intervention carried us along, without which it would have been a disaster. A couple of days before ground breaking, I call our excavator to discuss the schedule and plans. Our focus is pouring the footing and and the walls. I have been watching the weather closely and it appears that a window of rain free days will open up. The time is now.   I tell Ben, our excavator, that I want to cut open the hole on Friday and do the footing pour on Monday. This will allow Donna and I ample time over the weekend to set the rebar and elevations for the top of footing. There is also a 4 PVC utility chase that must be set. It runs below the footing to keep the future water line below the frost line. I really liked my plan. Ben didnt.   He just could not understand why we would need all that time. We talked some more. Within a couple of minutes, I knew we were being given a tough choice. You see, Ben also does concrete work. He is a real good guy, talented,  and willing to help do just about any portion of the job that we want hire him for. It quickly becomes apparent that he will also get involved with the concrete pour. MAPEI is worldwide leader in products for building industry, adhesive, sealants and chemical products for construction. Yeah, if we want him to. I would be nuts to turn down this opportunity. This is when the plan made a minor shift to the right and I knew we were in for a roller coaster ride. Ben simply stated that we are going to cut the hole, place the iron, and pour the footing. He cites other similar jobs, leading me to believe that this should be a piece of cake. I resist a bit, and try to bring him back to my original plan of using the weekend to prepare for the pour. No go.   So, now I am faced with a decision and there really is only one answer. OK, were on for the one dayer. At this point, lets hit the brakes for a moment and lay out some of the pre dig preparations. Things like bringing down all the rebar for the concrete work and the PVC pipe and staging it nearby. Donna and I made our final commitment on the location of the structure a couple of weeks prior. The week before the pour, we layed out the 4 corners, measuring the diagonals to verify square. We set stakes at these corners and pulled a string tightly between them. We set the stakes so that the string would be the exact centerline of the foundation walls. When the string was tight, I spray painted directly over it into the grass and soil. This line will be where we want Ben to set the center of his bucket to dig. We also marked the trench that must be dug to accommodate the garage floor drain that will be installed before pouring the interior slab. OK, fast forward to crunch time. We leave Thursday afternoon to stay overnight at LNP this way, we can get up at the jobsite on Friday morning and kick it into gear. We did spend that Thursday afternoon making final preparations. I knew that we would want to set up batter boards to document the locations of the foundation that we had set the week before. Once Ben begins to dig, those paint lines are gone and we will need references for the original locations. Set up the batter boards. The next morning, Ben arrives with his backhoe and we are off to the races. We walk and talk a bit. His first concern  the location of the batter boards. Huh  Yeah, theyre way too close to the work. Uh oh.   This is my first glimpse into the blessing of having experienced help its an omen. He says we can keep only one set and he will start at that corner. Past that, the other 3 sets have to be extended a LONG way back to get them outta the way. So, we pound 6 more stakes at a distance, set up longer lines, and relocate the strings to nails at the tops of the new stakes using the old locations as a guide. Time to set our elevations and begin the dig. As planned, Ben has the fancy hi tech rotational laser and measuring rod to simplify setting and verifying elevations. We pound in a rebar stake well off to the side of the work zone and set its top as our reference of zero height. It really has no use, unless there is some kinda screw up. The first job is to strip the top soil and grasses out of the interior where the slabs will be poured later. Start cutting the hole. Lets take a moment to explain whats going on here. We are pouring what is called a trench footing. Instead of opening up a wide area of the soil and then setting forms to create the wall of the concrete footing, we completely forego any forming and simply use the hole itself to be the concrete form. This is only suitable practice when the soils are stable and do not collapse or crumble easily. Anywhere Gps Tracker Manual. Our high clay content is perfect for a trench footing. I told Ben to bring a 2 ft wide bucket for the footing work. The 2 ft bucket will be used to cut open the trench footing, providing a 2 ft wide concrete footing when all is said and done. Of course, it is critical to set the bottom elevation of the trench accurately because it will dictate how thick the final footing will be. I have to pay for to fill it up to arrive at the the top of the footing. Our footing is planned to be 1. Ben sets the laser receiver on his backhoe. This will allow him to continue digging without any assistance. A portable laser beam receiver attaches magnetically to the arm of the backhoe and sounds a signal as the backhoe arm dives down to dig. Pretty cool. Ben asks me if I want him to dig a secondary trench outside the footing trench. This evokes another huh. He says it will allow much easier access to the work. Of course, Im all for that and let him rip it up. It turned out to be another excavation blessing. Methods For The Measurement of Surface Profile in the Field height 1. Image Methods For The Measurement of Surface Profile in the Field Author John Fletcher, Technical Support Manager. Related Products Download Full PDFABSTRACTWhen protective coatings are to be applied to structures, it is important that the surface is clean and dry if premature failure of the coating is to be prevented and the full coating service life achieved. In many situations for both new build and repair of structures, blast cleaning of the surface is required to remove contamination and to create an anchor pattern to enhance the adhesion of the coating system to the substrate. The measurement of the profile is important in achieving the specification but also to ensure that the blast cleaning process is in control and not producing inadequate or excessive profile height. There are two ASTM standards that deal with surface profile assessment, D 4. Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast Cleaned Steel, and D 7. Standard Test Method for Measurement of Surface Roughness of Abrasive Blast Cleaned Metal Surfaces Using a Portable Stylus Instrument. D 4. 41. 7 describes three methods for either assessing the profiled surface, Method A the surface comparator, or measuring the profile height, Method B, the Depth Gauge and Method C, Replica Tape. D 7. 12. 7 describes the stylus measurement technique giving results for both profile height and peak density. This paper describes the equipment that is currently available for these test methods and discusses the differences in both the methods and the resulting measurements including the calibration of the surface comparators. The significance of these differences will be analysed in the context of typical grit and shot blasted surfaces. INTRODUCTIONBlast cleaning of steel substrates to remove mill scale, rust, contaminants such as oil and grease and soluble salts is a commonplace process for steel fabrications of all types. Several different methods are available including dry abrasive blasting, wet abrasive blasting, hand and power tool cleaning, etc. In general, the assessment of the surface for rust removal after the process is by visual comparison with cleanliness standards such as the Swedish Rust Standard, ISO 8. SSPC VIS 1, VIS 3 or VIS 5. However, these substrate cleaning processes are also intended to roughen the surface to provide a profile or anchor pattern to which the coating will adhere more strongly than if it were applied to a smooth surface. In addition to the removal of contaminants, the creation of a profile affects other aspects of the coating process such as adhesion and paint coverage, hence the volume of the coating used to achieve a given thickness. The measurement of the peak to valley height for the profile is an important parameter to consider in the control of the coating process in order to prevent excessive paint usage when the profile height is too great or insufficient adhesion when the profile height is too low. ASTM D4. 41. 7 1. Standard Test Methods for Field Measurement of Surface Profile of Blast. Cleaned Steel describes three methods for profile assessment or measurement, one of which is a. The other two methods measure the peak to valley height in. ASTM D7. 12. 7 0. Standard Test Method for the Measurement of Surface Roughness of Abrasive. Blast Cleaned Metal Surfaces using a Portable Stylus Instrument describes a method based on a. ASTM sub committee D0. Industrial Protective Painting. Blast cleaned profiles are complex three dimensional surfaces and figure 1 below illustrates the scale and variation of the profile that can be expected. Figure 1 3 D view of a Grit Blast Surface Courtesy of CorusFigure 2 The ISO Comparator for Grit. SURFACE PROFILE MEASUREMENT METHODSD4. Method AThe blasted surface is visually compared to standards prepared with various surface profile depths and the range determined, Method BThe depth of profile is measured using a fine pointed probe at a number of locations and the arithmetic mean determined, Method CA composite plastic tape is impressed into the blast cleaned surface forming a reverse image of the profile and the maximum peak to valley. Method A is commonly referred to as the Surface Comparator and the most commonly used version is the ISO Surface Comparator, which meets the requirements of ISO 8. There are two versions of this comparator, one for grit blasted surfaces and one for shot blasted surfaces. The difference can be seen in the shape of the profile, the grit profile is angular and the shot profile is more rounded. Figure 2 shows a typical ISO comparator. Each ISO comparator has four segments representing grades of profile depth. The comparator is used by either visual or tactile comparison with the surface to be inspected and the two segments that bracket the test surface are determined. Figure 3 The Keene Tator Surface Comparator1 With Magnifier3 and Shot, Grit and Sand Discs. Rubert Surface Comparators2Figure 5 The Surface Profile Measurement Principle. Figure 7 The Replica Tape Kit Showing the Tapes on the Left and the Dial Gauge on the Right. Figure 8 The Replica Tape Method. Other similar comparators include the Keene Tator Surface Comparator, the Rubert Surface Comparator and the Rugotest Surface Comparator. These are less commonly used since the ISO test method was published, but as paint specifications have a relatively long life they are still used. Figure 3 shows the Keene Tator Surface and Rubert Comparators. Method B describes the dial gauge depth micrometre, also known as the Surface Profile Gauge. This gauge measures the depth of the valleys relative to the peaks using a pointed probe. The base of the foot sits on the peaks while the spring loaded pointed probe or tip projects in to the valleys. The tip is defined as having a 6. Figure 4 shows a current version of the surface profile gauge with the choice of an integrated probe or a separate probe. Figure 5 illustrates the measurement method of the Surface Profile Gauge and shows the foot sitting on the peaks with the pointed anvil resting in the valley for three different peak to valley heights. Figure 4 The Digital Surface Profile Gauge. The Digital Surface Profile Gauge is available with memory, statistics and wireless communication so the data can be transferred to paperless data management systems for standardised reporting. The mean average of a group of readings and range are available as values on the display for simple and quick decision making against pre set limits, as required. Recent developments of the Digital Surface Profile gauge includes a separate probe version that allows the gauge to be held in one hand so the display can be viewed continuously while the probe is used with the other hand to measure profiles on the far sides of beams and the underside of flanges. The separate probe options have also been extended to include a probe for convex surfaces such as the external surfaces of pipes. Figure 6 shows the convex surface probe in operation on a small diameter blast cleaned pipe. Data management is important for reporting on inspection projects for process control and for client assurance. In many cases such reports are now a contractual requirement.